http://www.oracletech.com.au

"make: *** No rule to make target `install'. Stop."

or something similar?

The problem is due to “relink all” trying relink all the products in the Oracle Home without checking whether they are actually installed or not.

This does not always work as some makefiles take different arguments, and some Oracle Home installations do not have the components installed for which there are makefiles.

This relinking problem has been addressed in 11.2 with the 11.2 installer getting a -relink option.

Assuming you are not using 11.2, then what to do? Well…

I offer this only as what I currently do. I haven’t seen this problem properly discussed anwhere, so this is a ‘works for me’.

Each Oracle Home has a file:

 $ORACLE_HOME/inventory/make/makeorder.xml

This file lists the correct order to run the make files, and the targets to use. From this we can build up a list of makefile commands that should be run.

Alternatively you can run the relink command with all the other valid parameters – some will fail if the component is not installed, but theoretically this should compile everything.

At the moment though I am not 100% confidant this is the case, and so for a bit of paranoid DBA practice I also run the make files as listed in makeorder.xml

IMPORTANT NOTE: After relinking, login as root (or use sudo if configured) to execute the $ORACLE_HOME/root.sh script to reset the appropriate file permissions/flags.

By way of example from my last relink – after upgrading from OEL5 U2 to OEL5 U4:

Note that relinking is done as the oracle home owner, not root.

Step 0: Before doing anything check umask is 022. If not:

$ umask 022

Relink database home works (mostly) but fails on relinking ODBC at the end.

The error that initiated this post: Tried a relink all on an ASM home.
Resulted in

 make: *** No rule to make target `install'. Stop."

when trying to link the ODBC driver.

Solution: Well see below, for what I did in teh ASM case, however if you want to relink ODBC this is what I found in a Metalink note:

cd $ORACLE_HOME/odbc/lib
cp $ORACLE_HOME/lib/sqoci.a .
cp $ORACLE_HOME/lib/sqora.a .
cp $ORACLE_HOME/lib/utility.a .
make -f ins_odbc.mk isqora
cp libsqora.so* $ORACLE_HOME/lib

Relink ASM home

. oraenv [+ASM]
cdo
# Note: cdo is a shell alias defined as: alias cdo='cd $ORACLE_HOME'

relink oracle
relink client_sharedlib
relink client
relink utilities
relink ldap
#relink oemagent - no target
relink network
relink ctx
relink interMedia

DBA Paranoia: To be doubly sure, run make files as listed in $ORACLE_HOME/inventory/make/makeorder.xml

make -f rdbms/lib/ins_rdbms.mk ioracle
make -f rdbms/lib/ins_rdbms.mk client_sharedlib
make -f sqlplus/lib/ins_sqlplus.mk install
make -f network/lib/ins_net_client.mk preinstall
make -f network/lib/ins_net_client.mk itnsping
make -f rdbms/lib/ins_rdbms.mk "irman"
make -f plsql/lib/ins_plsql.mk "install"
make -f network/lib/ins_net_client.mk "nnfgt.o"
make -f network/lib/ins_net_client.mk "mkldflags"
make -f rdbms/lib/ins_rdbms.mk "utilities"
make -f ldap/lib/ins_ldap.mk "clientonlyinstall"
make -f network/lib/ins_net_client.mk "ntcontab.o"
make -f network/lib/ins_net_client.mk  "nnfgt.o"
make -f network/lib/ins_net_client.mk  "install"  
make -f network/lib/ins_nau.mk "ioklist"
make -f network/lib/ins_nau.mk  "iokinit"
make -f network/lib/ins_nau.mk "iokdstry"
make -f sysman/lib/ins_emagent.mk "agent"
make -f sysman/lib/ins_emagent.mk "nmb"
make -f sysman/lib/ins_emagent.mk  "nmo"
make -f sysman/lib/ins_emagent.mk "nmhs"
make -f sysman/lib/ins_emagent.mk "tclexec"
make -f rdbms/lib/ins_rdbms.mk "all_no_orcl"
make -f srvm/lib/ins_srvm.mk "install"
make -f racg/lib/ins_has.mk  "racg_install"
make -f network/lib/ins_net_server.mk "install"
make -f rdbms/lib/ins_rdbms.mk "ctx_on"
make -f ctx/lib/ins_ctx.mk "install"
make -f rdbms/lib/ins_rdbms.mk  "ipc_g"
make -f sysman/lib/ins_emagent.mk "emsubagent"
make -f network/lib/ins_net_client.mk "mkldflags"
make -f rdbms/lib/ins_rdbms.mk "idg4odbc"
make -f precomp/lib/ins_precomp.mk "links"
make -f precomp/lib/ins_precomp.mk "relink"
make -f precomp/lib/ins_precomp.mk  "gen_pcscfg"
make -f rdbms/lib/ins_rdbms.mk "svr_tool"
make -f rdbms/lib/ins_rdbms.mk "patchset_opt"

Execute the $ORACLE_HOME/root.sh script to reset the appropriate file permissions/flags:
sudo $ORACLE_HOME/root.sh

Startup Oracle listener
Start up ASM instance

Relink agent home

# agentenv is a custom script that sets Oracle environment variables appropriately
# for the agent home - all homes are using the one OS user - 'oracle'.
# Normally I recommend one OS user per home.

. agentenv
relink client
relink oemagent

DBA Paranoia: To be doubly sure, run make files as listed in $ORACLE_HOME/inventory/make/makeorder.xml

cdo
make -f network/lib/ins_net_client.mk itnsping
make -f network/lib/ins_net_client.mk nnfgt.o
make -f network/lib/ins_net_client.mk mkldflags
make -f network/lib/ins_net_client.mk client_sharedlib
make -f sysman/lib/ins_emagent.mk agent
make -f sysman/lib/ins_emagent.mk nmb
make -f sysman/lib/ins_emagent.mk nmo
make -f sysman/lib/ins_emagent.mk nmhs
make -f sysman/lib/ins_emagent.mk emsubagent

Execute the $ORACLE_HOME/root.sh script to reset the appropriate file permissions/flags:
sudo $ORACLE_HOME/root.sh

Relink OMS HOme

Note omsenv is a custom script setting shell vriables for the OEM/OMS home.

. omsenv
cdo

relink client
relink network
relink client_sharedlib
relink oemagent
relink utilities

DBA Paranoia: To be doubly sure, run make files as listed in $ORACLE_HOME/inventory/make/makeorder.xml

make -f network/lib/ins_net_client.mk "nnfgt.o"
make -f network/lib/ins_net_client.mk "mkldflags"
make -f network/lib/ins_net_client.mk "client_sharedlib"
make -f sysman/lib/ins_sysman.mk agent
make -f sysman/lib/ins_sysman.mk nmo
make -f sysman/lib/ins_sysman.mk nmb
make -f sqlplus/lib/ins_sqlplus.mk install
make -f network/lib/ins_net_client.mk install
make -f network/lib/network/lib/ins_nau.mk ioklist
make -f network/lib/network/lib/ins_nau.mk iokinit
make -f network/lib/network/lib/ins_nau.mk iokdstry
make -f webcache/lib/ins_calypso.mk install

Execute the $ORACLE_HOME/root.sh script to reset the appropriate file permissions/flags:
sudo $ORACLE_HOME/root.sh

References

Howto Relink an Agent ? [ID 805495.1]

Oracle 11gR2 Relink New Feature [ID 883299.1]

How to CANCEL a query running in another session? – Tanel Poder’s blog

See also

Sending and Receiving Out-of-band Data
Chapter 3 Advanced Topics for Stream Sockets
HP 9000 Networking: BSD Sockets Interface Programmer’s Guide
http://docs.hp.com/en/B2355-90136/ch03s07.html

In short:
1) Verify whether you’re killing the right session first (Naturally)

2) ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION

3) If that doesn’t work immediately then check whether the target session has acknowledged the kill and is rolling back its (large) transaction.

4) If there’s no rollback happening and session just seems to be stuck, then its time to kill that session’s process from OS level.

5) If couple of minutes after killing the process from OS level that sessions and its locks & resources are still not released then attach to your own process with oradebug and run “ORADEBUG WAKEUP 2″ a couple of times (and checking if the session has gone + waiting few seconds between each invocation).

See Tanel’s post for full details.

Alter system kill session and ORA-00031: session marked for kill

BEGIN

DBMS_SCHEDULER.DROP_JOB( job_name=> ‘job1,job2…,jobn’);

END;

and getting an error?

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-00942: table or view does not exist

ORA-06512: at “SYS.DBMS_ISCHED”, line 5261

ORA-06512: at “SYS.DBMS_SCHEDULER”, line 609

ORA-06512: at line 2

You think this must be a security or permissions issue and you grant “CREATE JOB” and “MANAGE SCHEDULER” to the account, but it still doesn’t work. You try running it as SYS and you still get the error.

You search Metalink and get no hits. You search google and you get no hits.

You try just dropping one of the jobs in the list and you get a different error:

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-27475: “XXXX.JOB1″ must be a job

ORA-06512: at “SYS.DBMS_ISCHED”, line 182

ORA-06512: at “SYS.DBMS_SCHEDULER”, line 615

ORA-06512: at line 2

And THAT gives you the hint as to the actual cause of the problem:

ONE OF THE JOBS IN THE LIST HAS ALREADY BEEN DROPPED, OR THE NAME IS WRONG.

Check the jobs against what is currently listed and remove the offender.

Shoot the person that supplied you the list of jobs to be dropped.

Oracle has dumped sqlplusw – The native Windows GUI SQL*PLUS – from windows in 11g – so now there is only the windows command shell version.

So, how do we enter non-OEM code page characters in SQL*PLUS now?

Before using sqlplus or ANY Oracle command line tool, we need to verify that the Oracle client character set and windows code page combination are compatible.

We need to manually set the Oracle NLS_LANG environment variable because the NLS_LANG setting in the registry is for Windows GUI applications.

This is essential to avoid incorrect character conversion and therefore possible character data corruption.

This post discusses how to run sql*plus in a windows command shell and avoid NLS / character set problems.

A bit of education first:

Code Pages

On Windows, GUI applications and command shell applications do not use the same code page (unless in a Chinese-Japanese-Korean environment).

Windows uses two different character sets for the ANSI (GUI) and the OEM (Command shell) environments. For most English PC’s the ANSI code page is 1252.

To check what code page your command prompt (OEM code page) uses, open a command prompt and type “chcp”

Alternatively, open regedit and go to:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\NLS\CodePage\

e.g.

C:\Documents and Settings\kbrocas>chcp

Active code page: 437

So on my system I’m using OEM code page 437.

Setting NLS_LANG appropriately for the command shell

When an Oracle windows application starts on Windows, it reads the oracle.key file located in the ORACLE_HOME\bin directory to determine which registry Key/tree to use.

The Oracle registry entry includes the NLS_LANG value for the application.

The old GUI sqlplusw ran with the ANSI code page, and the NLS_LANG value in the registry was appropriately matched to the ANSI code page.

For example, in my case, NLS_LANG specifies the Oracle character set as WE8MSWIN1252 which maps to my Windows ANSI code page 1252.

However, command-line sqlplus runs with the OEM code page, and so when it reads the registry, it gets NLS_LANG=WE8MSWIN1252  - which is not appropriate.

We have to change / set the NLS_LANG parameter ine the command prompt/console session correctly otherwise incorrect character conversion can corrupt error messages and data.

For example, in my case:

C:\Documents and Settings\kbrocas>set NLS_LANG=ENGLISH_AUSTRALIA.US8PC437

This over-rides the registry value of NLS_LANG that sqlplus would use by default.

Now the Oracle client applications correctly identify the character set they are running with when they connect to the database, allowing appropriate character set conversions between client and server.

Sounds good? Yes – until you realise that the ANSI character set I’m using is a 7-bit ASCII character set – I can’t enter any fancy characters! How about changing the default OEM codepage in the command prompt so that it matches the GUI codepage, or at least some code page that supports 8+ bit characters?

Well, yes you can….

Changing the windows command prompt OEM code page

You can change the code page in the console just for the session, or for all time.

By example, to change from the standard OEM code page to the standard MS Windows Latin 1 code page:

For the current command shell/console

C:\> chcp 1252

C:\Documents and Settings\kbrocas>chcp 1252

Active code page: 1252

You can now enter weird characters. Remember to unset NLS_LANG in the command prompt if you have already set it before connecting to the database with client tools.

For all time

NOTE: Some people have reported that if the code page specified here is not available on the system, you may have trouble booting afterwards! I put this here as a reference, however I need to do more research on this before I can recommend it. Some suggest using code page 65001 instead.

Start->Run->regedit

Go to [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Nls\CodePage]

Change the “OEMCP” value to “1252″ for the standard MS Windows Latin 1 code page.

References

Oracle

Configuring Oracle Database Globalization Support, Oracle Database Client Installation Guide 11g Release 1 (11.1) for Microsoft Windows

http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B28359_01/install.111/b32007/gblsupp.htm#i634624

Configuration Parameters and the Registry

Oracle Database Platform Guide 11g Release 1 (11.1) for Microsoft Windows

http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B28359_01/win.111/b32010/registry.htm#sthref655

Oracle Globalization FAQ

http://www.oracle.com/technology/tech/globalization/htdocs/nls_lang%20faq.htm

Microsoft

Code Pages

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd317752(VS.85).aspx

Character sets

http://www.microsoft.com/typography/unicode/cs.htm

Character sets and codepages

http://www.microsoft.com/typography/unicode/cscp.htm

Code Pages Supported by Windows

http://www.microsoft.com/globaldev/reference/wincp.mspx

Use Locale Model

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-gb/goglobal/bb688121.aspx#ejb

Encodings and Code Pages

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-gb/goglobal/bb688114.aspx

Fonts

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-gb/goglobal/bb688134.aspx

Chcp

http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb490874.aspx

Other pages I found useful

Code page 437

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_page_437

That Ol’ OEM Code Page

http://codesnipers.com/?q=node/146

Keep your eye on the code page

http://blogs.msdn.com/oldnewthing/archive/2005/03/08/389527.aspx

Why ACP != OEMCP (usually)

http://blogs.msdn.com/michkap/archive/2005/02/08/369197.aspx

Latin1

http://www.aggressivesoftware.com/simple/latin1.php

Windows’ command prompt : How to DEFINITELY change default codepage

http://codesnippets.joyent.com/posts/show/414



When trying to delete obsolete backups, rman includes the snapshot control file:

RMAN> DELETE NOPROMPT OBSOLETE;
...
Deleting the following obsolete backups and copies:
Type Key Completion Time Filename/Handle
-------------------- ------ ------------------ --------------------
Control File Copy 23123 19/NOV/2009 13:05:46 /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/db_1/dbs/snapcf_MDMR.f
...
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03009: failure of delete command on ORA_DISK_2 channel at 11/26/2009 12:16:48
ORA-19606: Cannot copy or restore to snapshot control file

The command successfully deletes the other files.

Metalink only has one note for ORA-19606: the note (49303.1) that describes ORA-19606.

Solution

Change the snapshot controlfile name in the RMAN configuration, run the delete obsolete command again, and then change the snapshot controlfile name back (if you want).

For example:

CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/u03/FRA/BLOBBY/snapcf1_MDMR.f';

After executing the above command, the snapshot controlfile name is changed to snapcf1_MDMR.f

Now run “delete obsolete” again. It will delete the old snapshot controlfile, but in subsequent runs, it will not include the snapshot controlfile in the list to delete.

You can now change back to original name or continue with the new name.

Joy.

My favourite quote: I know they have all experienced that uncontrolled “eye-twitching” at 2 AM when they are ready to hit the final enter key to execute the command. You know what command I’m talking about too. It’s that one command that you really, really, really hope is going to come back with a successful return code and ultimately end with a database that is finally usable. Whether it’s a recovery, a file fix or corrupt data is immaterial, it’s the wait that we are talking about. There is no longer wait in our profession than waiting for the message below after a database recovery:

SQL> Database opened.

Time always seems to stand still. The longer the recovery, the messier the recovery. The more critical the database – the longer you wait. You stare at the screen hoping beyond hope that the above message will appear. It’s the ritual cross your fingers, spin around three times, face towards Oracle headquarters and pray to everything that is Larry Ellison wait. I’ve actually caught myself mumbling, “Come on, come on, come on…” I don’t care how sure you are of your capabilities, or how much of an Oracle “Ace” you are – you know the anticipation I’m talking about..

http://www.remotedbaexperts.com/Blog/2009/09/the-art-of-being-a-successful-dba-poka-yoke-and-paranoid-dba-best-practices/

During their presentation at the Black Hat and Defcon hacker conferences next week in Las Vegas, security experts will release a tool that can be used to break into Oracle databases.

Chris Gates and Mario Ceballos will present Oracle Pentesting Methodology and give out “all the tools to break the ‘unbreakable’ Oracle as Metasploit auxiliary modules,” according to a summary of their presentation on the Defcon Web site.

via Researchers offer tool for breaking into Oracle databases – News – Builder AU.